The expansion whose points are the relations on the instance #
What EPR's membership is read over. DescriptiveComplexity.AddrExp.addrExp has
a block of one unary variable, so its points are the subsets of the instance;
here the block's variable is binary, so a point is a binary relation – and
an assignment of the universal variables of an ∃*∀* sentence is exactly that,
a function being a relation.
Three tags keep the smaller objects visible inside the expansion:
elt, whose points are the singletons of the diagonal – one per element of the instance;pair, whose points are the singletons – one per ordered pair of elements, which is what lets every symbol of the expanded vocabulary stay binary: a ternary fact about the instance is read as a binary one about a pair;asg, whose points are unrestricted – the assignments themselves.
The size is what the class needs: with n elements there are 2^(n²) points,
so a Σ₁ sentence read here is a nondeterministic computation of exponential
time in a polynomial of the instance, which is what NEXPTIME is.
The block and the vocabularies #
The block of the expansion: one binary relation variable, so an assignment of it is a binary relation on the instance.
Marked @[reducible] so that the numerals of a tuple of its arity elaborate.
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The instance's vocabulary together with the order, over which the defining sentences of the expansion live.
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One copy of the block.
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Two copies of the block.
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The block's variable, in the one-copy vocabulary.
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The first copy's variable, in the two-copy vocabulary.
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The second copy's variable, in the two-copy vocabulary.
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An instance symbol, in the ordered vocabulary.
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Relations, as assignments of the block #
The relation an assignment of the block is.
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And the assignment a relation is.
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- DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.peAssign R x✝ v = R (v 0) (v 1)
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The atoms of the block and the lifts #
The block's variable, as a formula over one copy.
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The first copy's variable, as a formula over two copies.
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The second copy's variable, as a formula over two copies.
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A unary relation of the instance, as a formula.
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A binary relation of the instance, as a formula.
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A ternary relation of the instance, as a formula.
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Equality of two variables, as a formula.
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Reading a sentence of the base vocabulary in the one-copy vocabulary.
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And in the two-copy vocabulary.
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The tags and their domains #
The tags of the expansion: the elements, the ordered pairs, and the assignments.
- elt : ETag
The point is an element of the instance.
- pair : ETag
The point is an ordered pair of elements.
- asg : ETag
The point is an assignment – any binary relation.
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A relation that is the diagonal singleton of an element: the reading that makes an element of the instance a point of the expansion.
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A relation that is a singleton: the reading that makes an ordered pair one.
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The domain sentence of the elements: the relation is a diagonal singleton.
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The domain sentence of the pairs: the relation is a singleton.
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The domain sentence of each tag.
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Relation symbols of the vocabulary the expansion's points are read in: the three kinds of point, the instance's own relations read at elements, the components of a pair, the argument of a literal-position pair, and membership of a pair in an assignment. Every symbol is unary or binary, the pairs being points of their own.
- isElt : eprPtRel 1
isElt p: the pointpis an element of the instance. - isPair : eprPtRel 1
isPair p: the pointpis an ordered pair of elements. - isAsg : eprPtRel 1
isAsg p: the pointpis an assignment. - evarE : eprPtRel 1
evarE x: the elementxis an existential variable. - clE : eprPtRel 1
clE c: the elementcis a clause. - inClE : eprPtRel 2
inClE c l: the literalloccurs in the clausec. - posLE : eprPtRel 2
posLE l s: the literallis the positive atom ofs. - negLE : eprPtRel 2
negLE l s: the literallis the negated atom ofs. - sigE : eprPtRel 2
sigE s p: the symbolshas the argument positionp. - fstP : eprPtRel 2
fstP q x: the first component of the pairqisx. - sndP : eprPtRel 2
sndP q y: the second component of the pairqisy. - argP : eprPtRel 2
argP q x: the pairqis a literal and a position whose argument is the variablex. - memP : eprPtRel 2
memP r q: the assignmentrcontains the pairq.
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The vocabulary of the expansion's points.
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- FirstOrder.Language.eprPt = { Functions := fun (x : ℕ) => Empty, Relations := FirstOrder.Language.eprPtRel }
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The symbol marking the points that are elements.
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The symbol marking the points that are pairs.
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The symbol marking the points that are assignments.
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The existential-variable symbol, at the points.
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The clause symbol, at the points.
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The literal-of-a-clause symbol, at the points.
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The positive-literal symbol, at the points.
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The negated-literal symbol, at the points.
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The signature symbol, at the points.
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The first-component symbol.
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The second-component symbol.
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The argument symbol, read at a literal-position pair.
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The membership symbol of an assignment.
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The defining sentences #
Reading a one-copy sentence inside the block replicated once.
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Reading a two-copy sentence inside the block replicated twice.
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A static choice on the tags.
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A mark of the instance, at an element: the point is the element x, and
x carries the mark.
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A binary relation of the instance, at two elements.
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The first component of a pair: the pair is (x, y) and the second point
is the element x.
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The second component of a pair.
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The argument of a literal at a position: the pair is a literal l and a
position p, the second point is the element x, and the encoding declares x
there.
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A pair belongs to an assignment: the second point is the pair (x, y)
and the first, as a relation, holds of x and y.
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The defining sentence of a unary symbol at a tag.
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The defining sentence of a binary symbol at a pair of tags: both points must be elements.
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The defining sentence of the two component symbols.
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The defining sentence of the membership symbol.
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The expansion whose points are the relations on the instance.
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Reading the expansion at its points #
The expanded structure, at the vocabulary of the points – equal to the expansion's own by definition, but not syntactically, so instance search has to be handed it.
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Reading a unary symbol of the expanded vocabulary at one point.
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Reading a binary symbol of the expanded vocabulary at two points.
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The three kinds of point #
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The point an element is: the diagonal singleton, tagged elt.
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- DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.eltPt x = ⟨(DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.ETag.elt, DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.peAssign fun (y z : A) => y = x ∧ z = x), ⋯⟩
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The point an ordered pair is.
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- DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.pairPt x y = ⟨(DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.ETag.pair, DescriptiveComplexity.Epr.peAssign fun (z w : A) => z = x ∧ w = y), ⋯⟩
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The point an assignment is.
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Every point is an element, a pair or an assignment: what the domain sentences say, read back.
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What the defining sentences say #
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What the symbols say at the points #
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A unary mark of the instance, read at the point of an element.
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A binary relation of the instance, read at the points of two elements.